Health
Rottweilers are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they are prone to certain health conditions. Not every Rottweiler will develop these issues, but it’s important to be aware of potential health concerns if you’re considering this breed.
Hip Dysplasia:
This hereditary condition occurs when the thighbone doesn’t fit properly into the hip joint, leading to pain and lameness in one or both rear legs. Over time, arthritis can develop. Some dogs show no outward signs, making X-ray screening crucial. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) and the University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program (PennHIP) provide screening. Responsible breeders test for hip dysplasia and do not breed affected dogs. Rapid growth, high-calorie diets, and excessive jumping can worsen the condition.
Elbow Dysplasia:
A common issue in large breeds, elbow dysplasia is caused by abnormal joint development, leading to pain and arthritis. Treatment can range from weight management and pain medication to surgery in severe cases.
Aortic Stenosis/Subaortic Stenosis (AS/SAS):
This heart condition, often genetic, causes the narrowing of the aorta, making the heart work harder to pump blood. It can lead to fainting, lethargy, or sudden death. Veterinary cardiologists can diagnose it with a heart exam and echocardiogram. Puppies should be screened by a breeder before purchase.
Osteosarcoma:
Rottweilers are more prone to this aggressive bone cancer, which often starts in the legs. It’s a painful condition that may require amputation and chemotherapy. Early detection is key for improving quality of life.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA):
PRA is a degenerative eye disorder that leads to blindness as the photoreceptor cells deteriorate. While there is no cure, blind dogs can adapt well. Responsible breeders screen their dogs for PRA before breeding.
Cruciate Ligament Injuries:
Due to their size and strength, Rottweilers are prone to tearing their cruciate ligament, which stabilizes the knee joint. This injury may require surgery and long-term rehabilitation.
Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus, GDV):
A life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and can twist, cutting off blood supply. Immediate emergency care is required. To reduce the risk, Rottweilers should eat smaller meals, avoid exercise right after eating, and use slow-feeder bowls.
If you’re purchasing a Rottweiler puppy, work with a responsible breeder who provides health clearances for the parents. Look for certifications from the OFA for hip and elbow dysplasia, cardiac evaluations, and eye exams from a veterinary ophthalmologist. You can verify health clearances on the OFA website (offa.org).